Para1:

① All of us get the feeling sometimes that 24 hours are not enough to accommodate a day’s work, family life, personal interests and social commitments.

我们所有人有时都会觉得24小时不足以应对一天的工作、家庭生活、个人兴趣以及社会责任。

• ⭐️All of us get the feeling sometimes that...：我们所有人都会有某种感觉。嗯，注意一下，会有某种感觉不是用“have”而是用“get”
• accommodate：V.   /əˈkɒmədeɪt/  顾及；照顾到
• social commitments：社会责任  commitment：n.  ~ (to sb/sth)~ to do sth 承诺；许诺；责任；保证 the government's commitment to public services 政府对公共服务事业作出的承诺

Para2:

① This is not a new phenomenon, of course. ② One piece of research by two business school professors in the 1980s, for example, warned that a successful career in business usually led to an individual feeling miserable in their personal life.

当然，这不是一个新现象。例如，上世纪80年代两位商学院教授的一项研究警告称，成功的商业生涯通常会导致个体在个人生活中感到痛苦。

• ⭐️piece: 与不可数名词搭配，表示某种事物的个体 所以 one piece of 后面可以加的有很多，例如a piece of string/wood 一截绳子；一块木头  a large piece of land 一大片土地   a piece of cake/cheese/meat 一块蛋糕╱奶酪╱肉
• ⭐️作文· 新颖表达an individual：一个个体，某人。所以自己在作文里表示“某人”的时候，除了 "someone；somebody；one"这些常用的以外也可以试一下这种新的表达。
   

Para3:

① Now, though, there seems to be a consensus that the problem is more acute than ever. ②Technology has blurred the boundaries between work and non-work, while globalisation has led to 24/7 demands on many employees.  ③ Meanwhile, in families where parents go out to work, childcare at home is often difficult to arrange, likewise care for elderly relatives.

然而，现在似乎有一种共识，即这个问题比以往任何时候都要严重。技术模糊了工作与非工作之间的界限，而全球化导致雇主对很多雇员提出了一周七天、一天24小时不间断工作的要求。与此同时，在双职工家庭，在家照顾孩子往往难以实现，照顾年迈的亲属也很困难。

• ⭐️作文· 固定句型there seems to be a consensus that...：似乎有一种共识... （后面加观点句） consensus：n. ~ (among sb)~ (about sth)~ (that...) 一致的意见；共识。还有一种固定结构也很常用：There is a general consensus among....：在...（一类人群中）有普遍的共识。
• 一词多意 acute：adj. 原意是指“尖锐的”，例如锐角。文中表示 严重=serious  例如There is an acute shortage of water. 水严重短缺。除此之外，这个词还有“（疾病）急性的“的意思。acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎
• blur the boundaries between A and B：模糊了A与B之间的界限。 blur：v. 使）变得模糊不清 Tears blurred her eyes. 泪水模糊了她的视线。
• 24/7 demands : 24/7 表示一天24小时，一周七天。

Para4:

① Rapid changes in business, social and legal structuresrequire companies and individuals to be agile and adaptable. ② This has created new work and business opportunities, as well as new career structures, but it has also placed more stress on employees, managers, organisations and society.

商业、社会及法律结构的迅速变化要求企业与个人都具有灵活性及适应性。这创造了新的工作与商机、以及新的职业结构，但也给员工、管理者、组织与社会带来了更大压力。

• ⭐️ agile：adj. adj.    /ˈædʒaɪl/ able to think quickly and in an intelligent way （思维）机敏的，机灵的   sb with an agile mind/brain 敏捷的思维；灵活的头脑 = sb is very brilliant/ clever/ smart
• 同义词组 place more stress on sb: 给某人带来更大的压力 = put more pressure on sb.

Para5：

① People who work in family-friendly environmentsperform up to 19 per cent better than those in workplaces without this advantage, according to our findings. ②Their sleep quality is twice as good and they are also four times more committed to their jobs and companies.

我们的研究结果显示，在有利于家庭生活的职场环境中工作的员工，与那些不具备这一优势的员工相比，前者的工作表现至多好于后者19%。前者的睡眠质量是后者的两倍，对本职工作与公司的投入也是后者的四倍。

• ⭐️family-friendly environments：有利于家庭的工作环境。friendly这个词根表示“有利于...的”、“对...友好的” 的意思 例如有时候我们会在产品信息上看到 "user-friendly"，即用户友好型产品，指操作简单，使用方便。
• perform up to 19 per cent better than... 比...表现好19%  ① perform熟词僻意 原意是指“表演” 文中指的是：表现 (好/不好)  He had not performed well in his exams.   过去考试他都考得不好。
• four times more...：比...多四倍（倍数加more) 表示比...多几倍。
• commit：V.  ~ (to sb/sth)  忠于（某个人、机构等）；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）

Para6:

①This suggests one helpful response to today’s ever-demanding and all-consuming business environmentis to give employers the means to engage with their families while still being committed at work. ②Here, then, are some measures that employers could introduce. ③Provide emotional support. ④Listen to and help employees to solve conflicts between their work and non-work. ⑤Thistranslates into greater commitment, engagement and motivation, better overall health, better sleep and higher satisfaction with work-family balance.

这意味着，对于当今日益苛刻、劳神费力的商业环境来说，一个有益的应对措施就是提供能够顾及家人又能投入工作的方法。下面是雇主可以采用的一些措施。提供情感支持。倾听并帮助员工解决工作与非工作领域之间的冲突。这会转化成更大的投入、更多的参与和动力、更好的整体健康、更优质的睡眠以及对工作与家庭之间平衡的更高满意度。

• ⭐️ever-demanding and all-consuming business environment: 日益苛刻、劳神费力的商业环境  ever 这个词根表示“日益.../越来越..."  单独用的话ever还可以 表示强调She hardly ever (= almost never) goes out. 她几乎从不出门。
• engage with : 融入，与...建立亲密的关系  She has the ability to engage with young minds. 她能够与年轻人心意相通。
• be committed at work：投入工作
• solve conflicts between A and B:解决A与B之间的冲突  这里的solve=resolve   conflict ：n. /ˈkɒnflɪkt/  冲突；争执；争论 a conflict between two cultures 两种文化的冲突
• ⭐️一词多义 translate into：转化成...  translate（使）转变，变为 V It's time to translate words into action. 是把言语化为行动的时候了   另外这个词组还有 “把...翻译成” 的意思。He translated the letter into English. 他把这封信译成了英文。

Para7:

① This kind of support is relevant to different cultures and countries. ② Our research shows the same effects in places as varied as Chile, Nigeria, the Netherlands and the Philippines, for men and women, and employees with and without children. ③ When employees work in healthy organisations, they enjoy better health in their private and family lives. ④Offer customised terms of employment. ⑤ Such deals help workers improve their performance at home as well as in the workplace, reduce work-family conflict and provide a helpful point of reference for colleagues.

这种支持对不同文化与国家都有价值。我们的研究表明，在智利、尼日利亚、荷兰和菲律宾等各种不同的地方，无论是对男性还是女性、有或没有子女的员工，这种支持都会产生同样的功效。当员工在健康的组织工作时，他们在私人和家庭生活中都会更健康。提供量身定制的雇用条款。这种雇佣协议有助于提升员工在家庭和职场的表现，减少工作与家庭的冲突，并为同事提供一些有用的参考。

• ⭐️一词多义 is relevant to: 对...有价值。  relevant：adj.  /ˈreləvənt/   有价值的；有意义的 =valuable  Her novel is still relevant today. 她的小说今天仍有现实意义。 这个词还有一个更常用的意思是：紧密相关的；切题的 例如说 a relevant suggestion/question/point 相关的提议╱问题╱观点
• in places as varied as+不同的地区：在...等不同地方
• customised terms of employment：量身定制的雇佣条款。customised：定做的，按客户具体要求制造的

Para8 :

① Examples include allowing employees to work remotely. ② This helps cut absenteeism, and a reduction in commuting is better for the environment. ③Letting employees work to compressed or alternative schedules gives them more time for other areas of their life, such as being with their children or playing sport. ④ Employees who negotiate this kind of deal    with their manager will experience the benefits, and in turn are more likely to grant such conditions to staff they manage themselves.⑤ If managers have had to care for an elderly relative at home, for example, they tend to be more sympathetic towards the needs of their staff.

例如允许员工远程工作。这有助于减少缺勤，而且减少通勤对环境也更有益。允许员工按照压缩的、或备选的时间表工作，给他们更多时间兼顾生活的其他方面，比如陪伴孩子或者运动。与上司协商过这种工作方式的员工会体验到好处，反过来，他们也更有可能为自己的下属提供这样的条件。例如，如果管理者曾必须在家照顾一位长辈，那他们往往会更同情其下属的需求。

• absenteeism：n. /æbsənˈtiːɪzəm/  旷工; 旷课  与之相反的：过劳；过度工作 presenteeism：n.  /ˌpreznˈtiːɪzəm/ 
• alternative schedules：备选的时间表。 alternative ：adj. /ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv/  可供替代/选择的; an alternative method of doing sth 做某事的其他方法
• negotiate sth with their sb：就某事与某人协商   negotiate   v.  /nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt/   ~ (with sb) (for/about sth) 谈判；磋商；协商
• grant sth to sb: 给予某人某物  grant sth (to sb/sth) / grant  (sb) sth（尤指正式地或法律上）同意，准予，允许 The bank finally granted a ￡500 loan to me. 银行终于同意给我贷款500英镑。
• an elderly relative：一位长辈 relative：n.   /ˈrelətɪv/   亲戚；亲属
• be sympathetic towards/to:  对...表示同情/理解

Para9:

① When leaders or managers show staff they are spending time on non-work activities such as family life, employees will perceive it as positive and legitimate, and follow suit. ②  As role models, managers are sending a signal that it is fine to disconnect from work. ③ This in turn improves workers’ ability to recover and replenish their energy. ④ All of these are positive outcomes, benefiting both employers and employees.

当领导者或管理人员在员工面前表现出他们花时间在家庭生活等非工作事务上时，员工会认为这些活动是积极且合理的，并且加以效仿。作为榜样，管理人员传递出一个信号：从工作状态中脱离是可以的。这反过来又提高了员工恢复与补充精力的能力。这些结果都是积极的，雇主和雇员都会因此受益。

• perceive sth as:将...当做是...  perceive  v.  /pəˈsiːv/  将…理解为；将…视为；认为  This discovery was perceived as a major breakthrough. 这一发现被视为一项重大突破。
• legitimate:  adj.   /lɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/   正当合理的；合情合理的 同义词： valid/  justifiablea legitimate grievance 合乎情理的抱怨
• follow suit：效仿；跟着做
• ⭐️作文·固定句型 sth sending a signal that...：传递出这样一个信号+观点句
• recover and replenish one's energy:回复并补充某人的精力   replenish：V. /rɪˈplɛnɪʃ/  ~ sth (with sth)  补充；重新装满

Para10:

① Achieving a perfect work-life balance is practically impossible, but leaders can help their staff move closer to that goal. ② Helping employees means helping society at large to reap the benefits of better health, wellbeing, performance and engagement.

完美地平衡工作与生活几乎是不可能的，但领导者可以帮助他们的员工更接近这个目标。帮助员工意味着帮助整个社会从更好的健康、福祉、工作表现与投入中获益。

• ⭐️practically:  adv.    /ˈpræktɪkli/  almost; very nearly 几乎；差不多；很接近同义词 virtually
• at large 在这里相当于 in a general fashion/ in a broad way：大体上。   He talked at large about his plans 
• ⭐️reap the benefits of...：从...中获益  reap v.  取得（成果）；收获  They are now reaping the rewards of all their hard work. 现在，他们的全部辛劳都得到了回报。