华慧考博翻译素材:《全面建成小康社会:中国人权事业发展的光辉篇章》白皮书(节选)(4)

2021-09-01 10:08点击次数:2920

        人权是善治之本。中国全面建成小康社会,始终坚持尊重人权、保障人权、促进人权的价值遵循,将增加人民的获得感、幸福感、安全感作为出发点和落脚点。

   全面建成小康社会为人权保障与发展奠定了坚实物质基础。在全面建成小康社会进程中,中国坚定不移贯彻新发展理念,保持经济长期快速增长,稳定解决了十几亿人的温饱问题;破除城乡二元结构,改革收入分配格局,人民收入水平不断提升;开展精准扶贫、精准脱贫,决胜脱贫攻坚,加强对各类弱势群体的保护;基本建立覆盖全民的社会保障体系,人民健康和医疗卫生水平大幅提高;建设完善公共文化服务体系,全面实现城乡免费义务教育,构建高效泛在的信息网络;加快生态文明建设,实施环境保护基本国策,污染防治力度加大,生态环境明显改善。全面建成小康社会,经济、社会、文化、环境权利更加公平可及,各类主体在经济、政治、社会和文化等领域的平等参与和平等发展,更加切实和顺畅便捷。

  全面建成小康社会为人权保障与发展奠定了坚实民主政治基础。坚持中国共产党领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一,党的领导体制机制更加完善,人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度、基层群众自治制度稳步发展。社会主义民主政治制度化、规范化、法治化、程序化建设不断推进,民主形式更加丰富,民主渠道更加畅通,共建共享的社会治理格局初步构建,人民当家作主落实到国家政治生活和社会生活之中,公民权利更有保障,民主政治权利更加充分。

  全面建成小康社会推动了人权法治保障持续加强。“国家尊重和保障人权”载入宪法,成为治国理政重要原则。全面推进依法治国上升为国家战略,保证宪法全面实施的体制机制不断健全,科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法深入推进,法治国家、法治政府、法治社会建设相互促进,中国特色社会主义法治体系日益完善,全社会法治观念明显增强。行政体制改革、国家监察体制改革、司法体制改革取得实效,权力运行制约和监督体系建设有效实施。人权保障法治化水平不断提升。

  全面建成小康社会培育了全社会尊重和保障人权的文化。全面建成小康社会,推动了中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化、创新性发展,社会主义核心价值观深入人心,公共文化服务水平不断提高,文化事业和文化产业蓬勃发展。全面建成小康社会,更好构筑了中国精神、中国价值、中国力量,文化自信得到彰显,国家文化软实力和中华文化影响力大幅提升。全面建成小康社会的过程,也是每一个人对自身价值、人格尊严和主体地位认识不断提升的过程,促进了尊重和保障人权文化氛围的形成。

【参考译文】
 

Human rights are the foundation of good governance. China has always been committed to respecting, protecting and advancing human rights, and increasing the people’s sense of fulfillment, happiness and security. The route to moderate prosperity has reinforced the groundwork for human rights.

Providing a solid material foundation for protecting and developing human rights. In the process of building a moderately prosperous society, China has maintained its commitment to the new development philosophy. The economy has achieved long-term rapid growth and the basic needs of over one billion people have been met. The urban-rural divide has been resolved and the income distribution profile has been reformed to improve living standards. Targeted poverty reduction and eradication has achieved success, strengthening protection of all vulnerable groups. A social security system covering all the people is in place, with better medical services and a higher overall level of health. Public cultural services have improved. Free compulsory education has been realized in both urban and rural areas. An efficient and ubiquitous information network has been set up. With accelerated efforts to build an eco-civilization, a basic national policy of environmental protection has been implemented, measures to prevent and control pollution have intensified, and the eco-environment has notably improved.

In a moderately prosperous society, economic, political, social, cultural and environmental rights are more equitable and more easily accessible to all people to ensure equal rights to participation and development in all fields.

Providing a solid political and democratic foundation for protecting and developing human rights. In achieving moderate prosperity, China has ensured that the Party’s leadership, the people’s position as masters of the country and law-based governance form an indivisible whole. The institutions and mechanisms by which the Party exercises leadership have improved. The system of people’s congresses, the system of CPC-led multiparty cooperation and political consultation, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of community-level self-governance have developed steadily.

The institutions, standards and procedures of law-based socialist democracy have improved, with more diverse forms of democracy and wider democratic channels. A social governance model based on collaboration and common interests has taken shape and the principle of the people as masters of the country is put into practice in China’s political and social fields. Civil, political and democratic rights are better protected.

Strengthening legal protection for human rights. The Constitution stipulates that the state shall respect and protect human rights, which is an important principle in state governance. Advancing the rule of law has been made a national strategy. Systems and mechanisms to ensure the enforcement of the Constitution are improving. Further progress has been made to ensure sound lawmaking, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and the observance of law by all. Our efforts to build a country, government, and society based on the rule of law are mutually reinforcing. The system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics has been steadily improved, and public awareness of the rule of law has risen markedly.

Good progress has been made in reforming the system of government administration, the national supervision system, and the judicial system. Effective measures have been taken to develop other systems to strengthen checks and oversight over the exercise of power. The role of the rule of law in protecting human rights has been enhanced.

Fostering a culture to respect and protect human rights throughout society. In building a moderately prosperous society, China has promoted the creative evolution of fine traditional culture, and rooted the core socialist values among the people. Public cultural services have been improved, with cultural programs and industries flourishing. Endeavors to achieve moderate prosperity have fostered a Chinese spirit, Chinese values, and Chinese strength, and cultivated stronger cultural confidence. China’s cultural soft power and the international influence of Chinese culture have increased significantly. The process of achieving moderate prosperity helps everyone improve the understanding of their own value, personal dignity and principal status, fostering a culture that respects and protects human rights.

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