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华慧考博老师教你阅读选句填空的解题步骤
考博英语中，阅读选句填空的题型虽不多见，但也有几所知名院校有考到，比如说中科院、山东大学、社科院等等。今天华慧考博老师利用中科院的一篇真题，来讲讲阅读选句填空的解题步骤和技巧。第一步：略读原文（获取文章主旨和段落大意）和分析选项（概括大意并提取关键词）。
略读原文：
（选自中科院2020年第一篇阅读选句填空）
Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick I in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.
段落大意：通过腓特烈一世的实验表明，语言是人类的基本需求。
All the infants died before the first year. 66.__________. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.
段落大意：否认腓特烈一世的实验结果，妈妈般的照顾才是人类的基本需求。
Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. 67.__________. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquainting skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.
段落大意：人类有特定的快速掌握技能的敏感时期，一旦错过，就错过了。
68.__________. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1, 000 words which he can put into sentences, and at of four his language differs from his parents in style rather than grammar.
段落大意：不同年龄段的语言发展。
69.__________.What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy-bear”.70._______.
段落大意：针对语言学习方面，人类大脑的特殊性。
文章主旨：人类的基本需求、快速掌握语言的敏感期、人类的语言发展及其大脑在语言学习中的特殊性。
分析选项：
A. Sensitivity to the child’s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.
B. But clearly there was more than lack of language here.
C. Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak.
D. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking.
E. And even more incredible is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.
F. Experts suggested that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ.
第二步：阅读空白前后并匹配选项
1. All the infants died before the first year. 66.__________. What was missing was good mothering.
该空出现在第二段，前一段表明语言是人类的基本需求，在通过What was missing was good mothering这句话，第66空应该填B，说明这里不仅仅缺语言，还缺妈妈般的照顾。
2. Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. 67.__________. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly.
首句说明现在不缺语言。第67空后，陈述原因是妈妈对婴儿发出的信号不敏感，结合前文可知，这里要有转折，形容婴儿语言仍落后，故选D。
3. 68.__________. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1, 000 words which he can put into sentences, and at of four his language differs from his parents in style rather than grammar.
第68空出现在首句，而且这段的大意是说明不同年龄段的语言发展，因此选F，充当本段的主旨句。
4. 69.__________.What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy-bear”.70._______.
第69空也是在首句，现在备选还有A、C、E，后面举例说明人大脑的复杂体系可以让小孩将玩具熊的视觉和感觉与声音模式“玩具熊”联系起来，由此推测，选项C婴儿天生就会语言，是正确答案。
第70空，通过选项E中的even more，以及对语言能力的举例可知，是对69空这个句子的进一步例证，因此，正确答案选E。
第三步：回查疑点并确定答案
检查已选答案：语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题、语篇结构是否连贯一致、合乎逻辑等。
无法确定答案时，重新阅读相关语句，利用排除法确定（先易后难）。
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