学员疑问：老师，这道阅读题，不知道该怎么着手做题，题干的disadvantaged people文章出现很多次，但是文章并没有关于作者直接提出建议的内容。不知道该怎么定位，怎么做题。请老师指教。

What does the author suggest disadvantaged people do to improve their health?

A) Adopt a positive attitude towards dietary guidelines.

B) Choose diets that are both healthy and affordable.

C) Make sure to purchase healthy foods on the internet.

D) Change their eating habits and consumption patterns.

D) Taking more effective measures to increase food supplies.

（1）Research shows that in developed countries, more affluent and educated people tend to consume higher-quality diets-including more fruits and vegetables, fish and whole grains.  On the contrary, economically disadvantaged people report diets that are nutrient-poor and energy-dense.  They are less likely to have food-purchasing habits that conform to public health recommendations.

（2）These dietary differences are often accompanied by higher rates of obesity and diabetes among lower income people.  This relationship between social class and diet quality and health is extensively documented.  However, the research does not explain why this is the case--a question that has significant implications for designing effective policies and initiatives to improve diets and prevent chronic diseases.

（3）Public-health initiatives to promote healthy diets often focus on providing nutrition education and recipes (食谱).  These approaches, however, often presume less food literacy (i.e. food knowledge and skills) among low-income people.  Are unhealthy diets really the result of poor choices, limited food skills and knowledge?

（4）Research suggests that adults in food-insecure households are just as likely as those in food-secure households to adjust recipes to make them more healthy.  They are also just as proficient in food preparation and cooking skills.  There is no indication that increasing food skills or budgeting skills will reduce food insecurity.

（5）Instead, disadvantaged groups are constrained by their economic, material and social circumstances.  For example, low income is the strongest predictor of food insecurity in Canada, where one in eight households experiences insufficient access to nutritious foods.

（6）It's well-established that food prices are an important determinant of food choice.  Low-income households report that they find it difficult to adopt dietary guidelines because food prices are a barrier to improving their diets.

（7）When researchers estimate the cost of diets people actually eat, higher-quality diets are typically more costly.

（8）While this may be so, it does not, in itself, prove that healthy diets are necessarily more expensive or cost-prohibitive.  After all, not all socioeconomically disadvantaged people consume poor diets.

（9）We can easily think of a number of foods and recipes that are both inexpensive and nutritious.  The internet is full of recipes for "eating well on a budget.”

老师解答：文章多次出现disadvantaged people，作者也的确没有直接提出建议，所以这道题并不是能根据题干的某个关键词直接定位，而是需要整体把握文章的行文思路，即文章先讲什么，接着讲什么，最后讲什么，才能更准确有效的定位做题。该文章（1）提出了饮食习惯的两种情况，即有钱人的饮食相对健康，低收入人（disadvantaged people）相反；然后（2）-（6）分析其原因，最后（7）-（9）间接地讲了一下解决办法。由此可知定位文章最后几段就可以得出答案了。

点评分析：阅读理解做题过程中，遇到并不能直接迅速定位的题，需要纵观全局，从整体出发，不要把所有题都当作可直接定位的细节题。要做好阅读理解题，本来就需要把握文章的基本行文思路，就算是细节题，很多时候也都需要根据上下文语境来找准定位，而主旨大意和观点态度题则更需要对文章的整体把握。所以，请重视把握文章的行文思路。