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医学考博阅读理解文章容易读懂，题做不对怎么办？
在备考过程中，考生们经常有这样的疑惑：明明文章看懂了，为什么题就是做不对？那么医学阅读理解主要考察我们阅读什么方面的能力呢？华慧考博老师通过下面一篇很有代表性的医学真题来示范讲解。There's nothing new about TV and fashion magazines giving girls unhealthy ideas about how thin they need to be in order to be considered beautiful. 社会现象引入What is surprising is the method some psychologists have come up with to keep girls from developing eating disorders. （针对社会现象心理学家采取的应对措施）Their main weapon against super-skinny models: a brand of civil disobedience dubbed "body activism."（扩展前一句）
分析：第一段开头引入了社会上屡见不鲜的现象：电视和时尚杂志经常给女孩们灌输一种“以瘦为美”的不健康的观念。第二句话紧接着谈到心理学家提出了一项措施来阻止女孩发展成饮食紊乱。第三句是进一步拓展心理学家对抗超瘦模特的主要武器是“body activism”。因此我们可以总结第一段的大意：Body project这一活动的发起背景。
Recently, more than 1.000 high school and in the U.S. have participated in the Body Project, which works by getting girls to understand how they have been buying into the notion that you have to be thin to be happy or successful.（做法一） After critiquing the so-called thin ideal by writing essays and role-playing with their peers, participants are directed to come up with and execute small, nonviolent acts.（做法二） They include slipping notes saying "Love your body the way it is" into dieting books and writing letters to makers of the impossibly proportioned Barbie doll.
第二段大意：Body Project这一项目的活动内容
According to a study in the latest issue of the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, the risk of developing eating disorders was reduced 61% among Body Project participants. And they continued to exhibit positive body-image attitudes as long as three years after completing the program, which consists of four one-hour sessions（该活动的影响）. Such lasting effects may be due to girls' realizing not only how they were being influenced but also who was benefiting from the societal pressure to be thin.（分析影响背后的原因） "These people who promote the perfect body really don't care about you at all," says Kelsey Hertel, a high school junior and Body Project veteran "They purposefully make you feel like less of a person so you'll buy their stuff and they'll make money."
第三段大意：Body Project这一项目的影响和影响背后的原因分析
As part of the program, Hertel and a friend posted signs in a school bathroom saying YOU ARE BEAUTIFUL DON'T BE SOMEONE THAT YOU'RE NOT. BE YOURSELF. The girls then watched their classmates react. "They'd see the signs and say things like 'That's encouraging because always feel so fat and gross and ugly." Hertel says.
第四段大意：活动个案展示
"This is a good start, says Dr. Walter Kaye a board member of the National Eating Disorders Association. But Kaye cautions that eating disorders are much more complicated than researchers first thought. For starters, the disorders can't be blamed solely on environmental factors. （提醒该活动不能仅将饮食紊乱归于外界因素）Brain-scan studies show that the neural circuitry that normally responds to the pleasurable, rewarding aspects of eating doesn't seem to work in anorexics.（实验论证）
第五段大意：活动的理性思考
86. According to the passage, which of the following expresses the essence of "body activism"?
- "I know best what is good for my body."
- "should actively keep my body beautiful."
- "I will decide how to exercise for my health."
- should take positive approach toward my body.”
87. What do psychologists who support the Body Project believe?
- The ideal body of a girl can only result from healthy eating habits.
- Eating disorder affecting the body weight of a girl should be treated.
- The stereotypical body image on TV and media may lead to eating disorder.
- TV and other media are not active enough in promoting healthy eating habits.
88.Which of the following is an example of nonviolent acts used by the Body Project participants?
-
-
- They rill on people to reject the selling of Barbie doll.
- They dissuade other girls from becoming extremely thin.
- They debate openly with peers who have unhealthy notions.
- They adopt some unconventional methods to express their belief.
-
89. Which of the following is NOT true of the Body Project participants?
- They are now more confident about their self-image.
- They are more immune to publicity after completing the program.
- They now seek longer-term- effects in improving their body images.
- They now realize the commercial motive behind the current notion of beauty.
90. Which of the following agrees with Dr. Kaye's view as expressed in the last paragraph?
- Body Project is only a good start and should go on advocating its ideals.
- Many people still fail to realize the real effect of environmental factors
- Body Project needs to have more scientific evidence to back its claims.
- Environmental factors do not explain all that are involved in the issue.
总结：从以上例题可知，医学统考文章侧重与对文章的意思理解，句子之间逻辑关系的把握和分析判断能力。我们做完题后可以总结每段大意和中心的关系，理清作者的写作思路和出题人的设题方式。这样才能不掉入“陷阱”里。
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