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在考研英语中，阅读理解的分值是最高，占到40%，而在阅读理解中占分值最高的一个题型就非细节题莫属了，无论是英一还是英二，细节题都占到一半以上的比重，超过其他五类题型的总和，正是所谓的“得细节题者得阅读”。接下来，就2021考研英语阅读细节题做题技巧与大家分享一下。
细节题重在考查考生理解“细节信息和概念性含义”的能力，所以这就要求考生能够快速定位并准确理解答案出处。而对于细节题的识别，没有统一的严格标准，只要考生能能够识别出另外五种题型，剩下一种仅包含细节信息、没有特殊标志词的则为细节题。判断完是细节题后，考生可以根据以下三步进行解题。
1.利用题文同序原则进行模糊定位
对于这样一种大型的正规考试，命题专家们在命制阅读题目时遵循题文同序原则，也就是说题目的顺序与其所对应的答案在文中出现的段落顺序是一致的。这就需要考生在拿到一篇文章后，首先标好段落序号，然后根据题目的顺序以及题目中所给的的段落信息(如：according to paragraph 4)锁定答案所在的段落。然而，考研英语中阅读理解文章的段落是不固定的，我们将文章段落分为多于五段和等于或少于五段两种情况。如果文章多于五段，在定位时需要跨度大一些，范围广一些，可能两段甚至三段对应一题;如果文章等于或少于五段，这就意味着每段对应一题或半段对应一题。
2.利用题干中关键词进行准确定位
模糊定位还不能精准地帮助大家找到答案出处，这就要求我们进行第二步——利用题干中关键词进行精准定位。如果题干中存在唯一的关键词，那就根据唯一的关键词回到文中定位那一句话就可以了。如果题干中的关键词在文中多次出现，则需要多词同时运用以定位。然而在锁定题干关键词时，也并不是漫无目的地乱找，首先去找名词，再找动词，其次是形容词或副词，而且经常出现同义替换。
例1:Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for user’s response. But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media--for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organization place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe it still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.
32. According to the Paragraph 2, sold media feature____.
[A] a safe businesses environment
[B] random competition
[C] stronger user traffic
[D] flexibility in organization
题干中的关键词(组)“sold media”只在第二段的一处出现，可以快速精准定位到句子“We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organization place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.”我们就将这种“售出”媒体定义为拥有巨大流量、以致其他机构纷纷前来投放内容或电子商务引擎的自有媒体。理解此句之后，答案就很清晰了，故本题答案为C。
例2：It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.
24. One problem with the PreCheck program is .
[A] a dramatic reduction of its scale.
[B] its wrongly-directed implementation.
[C] the government’s reluctance to back it.
[D] an unreasonable price for enrollment.
根据题干关键词“PreCheck”来定位时，发现本段中有两处提及“PreCheck”，无法实现精准定位，接下来，我们需要利用题干中其他词汇来辅助定位，题干中还有一个名词为“problem”，不难发现在倒数第二段的第二句话“this price tag has been the PreCheck’s fatal flaw”中有一个“flaw”，是“problem”的同义替换，提到价格的选项只有D项，因此我们可以确定此题答案为D项。
3. 利用选项中关键词进行准确定位
当题干中没有关键词来帮助大家实现精准定位时，我们可以尝试利用选项中关键词去文中一一对应，借助排除法进行解题。
例3:“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide’, just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider’.” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”
24. Dawna Markova most probably agree that .
[A] ideas are born of a relaxing mind.
[B] innovativeness could be taught.
[C] decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas.
[D] curiosity activates creative minds.
首先根据题干的关键词人名Dawna Markova可以定位到这个段落，然后我们发现这一段话都是Dawna Markova所说的话，无法实现精准定位来解题，我们可以尝试利用选项中的关键词去和原文匹配。将四个选项中的关键词带入原文后，发现A、B、C的表述都和原文不一致，D选项中提到了curiosity,creative minds,而curiosity对应的就是第一句中的wonder,creative minds对应的就是第一句中的innovation,D选项是对这一段首句的同义替换，因此答案为D。