Text 2

　　Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry---William Shakespeare---but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.

　　The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.

　　The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus---and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side---don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.

　　The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.

　　Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.

　　It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)-lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.

　　26. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that_____.

　　A. the townsfolk deny the RSC ’ s contribution to the town’s revenue.

　　B. the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage.

　　C. the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms.

　　D. the townsfolk earn little from tourism.

　　27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_____.

　　A. the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately.

　　B. the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers.

　　C. the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers.

　　D. the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater.

　　28. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 4), the author implies that_____.

　　A. Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects.

　　B. Stratford has long been in financial difficulties.

　　C. the town is not really short of money.

　　D. the townsfolk used to be poorly paid.

　　29. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because_____.

　　A. ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending.

　　B. the company is financially ill-managed.

　　C. the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable.

　　D. the theatre attendance is on the rise.

　　30. From the text we can conclude that the author_____.

　　A. is supportive of both sides.

　　B. favors the townsfolk’s view.

　　C. takes a detached attitude.

　　D. is sympathetic to the RSC.
 

答案解析

　　文章解析：根据中心统一原则确定，

　　文章首段主题句是Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. 正如我们所知的那样，Stratford-on-Avon只有一个产业，就是威廉莎士比亚。但是在那儿有两个完全独立，敌意渐浓的分支机构。

　　第二段确定段落内容方向的语句是The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. Stratford-on-Avon可敬的居民怀疑剧院是否给他们带来任何税收

　　第三段确定段落内容方向的语句是However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. 但是，常看戏的人在看戏同时的确会观光一些地方。

　　第四段确定段落内容方向的语句是The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. 但该镇居民却不认可这种观点，地方议政厅并不直接给皇家莎士比亚公司拨款。

　　第五段确定段落内容方向的语句是Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. 无论怎样，该镇居民不能理解皇家莎士比亚公司为什么需要拨款。

　　第六段确定段落内容方向的语句是It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. 将票价大幅度提高很可惜，因为这会将那些对Stratford最值得拥有的年轻客户赶跑。

　　不难发现，这篇文章围绕着埃文河盘的斯特拉特福镇的唯一产业---威廉.莎士比亚：皇家莎士比亚公司和该镇居民之间的问题来展开。

　　题目解析：

　　26.推断题 From the first two paragraphs, we learn that_____.

　　选项A. the townsfolk deny the RSC ’ s contribution to the town’s revenue.

　　居民们否定皇家莎士比亚公司对该镇的税收做出贡献。

　　B. the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage.

　　皇家莎士比亚公司的演员们台上台下都模仿莎士比亚。

　　C. the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms.

　　皇家莎士比亚公司的两个分支机构相处不够融洽。

　　D. the townsfolk earn little from tourism.

　　居民在旅游业中收益很少。

　　该题目作为推断题，要明确找到指定的前两个段落的主题句。根据“主题句---细节句原则”，第一段段落中间句没有转折词，段落首句Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.“正如我们所知的那样，Stratford-on-Avon只有一个产业，就是威廉莎士比亚。但是在那儿有两个完全独立，敌意渐浓的分支机构。” 和第二段段首句The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue.“Stratford-on-Avon可敬的居民怀疑剧院是否给他们带来任何税收。” 选项A. the townsfolk deny the RSC ’ s contribution to the town’s revenue.居民们否定皇家莎士比亚公司对该镇的税收做出贡献，与相关信息句动作“只有一个产业，就是威廉莎士比亚;但是在那儿有两个完全独立，敌意渐浓的分支机构;居民怀疑剧院是否给他们带来任何税收”直接关联，动作“否定皇家莎士比亚公司对该镇的税收做出贡献”对应于“怀疑剧院是否给他们带来任何税收”，体现同意替换关系;选项B. the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage.皇家莎士比亚公司的演员们台上台下都模仿莎士比亚，与相关信息句动作“只有一个产业，就是威廉莎士比亚;但是在那儿有两个完全独立，敌意渐浓的分支机构;居民怀疑剧院是否给他们带来任何税收”没有任何关联;选项C. the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms.皇家莎士比亚公司的两个分支机构相处不够融洽，与相关信息句动作“Stratford-on-Avon只有一个产业，就是威廉莎士比亚;但是在那儿有两个完全独立，敌意渐浓的分支机构;居民怀疑剧院是否给他们带来任何税收”似乎有关联，但是选项中的“the two branches of the RSC皇家莎士比亚公司的两个分支机构”与相关信息句中的“Stratford-on-Avon有两个完全独立，敌意渐浓的分支机构”相悖，这种命题陷阱称为“瞒天过海”;选项D. the townsfolk earn little from tourism.居民在旅游业中收益很少，与相关信息句动作“只有一个产业，就是威廉莎士比亚;但是在那儿有两个完全独立，敌意渐浓的分支机构;居民怀疑剧院是否给他们带来任何税收”没有任何关联。综上所述，可以确定答案为A. the townsfolk deny the RSC ’ s contribution to the town’s revenue.居民们否定皇家莎士比亚公司对该镇的税收做出贡献。

　　27. 推断题It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_____.

　　选项A. the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately.

　　观光者不能单独参观Castle和the Palace。

　　B. the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers.

　　看戏的人比观光客花钱要多。

　　C. the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers.

　　观光者比看戏的人购物多。

　　D. the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater.

　　看戏的人除了去剧院之外不会去任何其他地方。

　　该题目作为推断题，要明确找到指定的第三段的主题句。根据“主题句---细节句原则”，第三段The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus-and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side-don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall. 从段中的主题句The playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing 可以看出，D. the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater. 看戏的人除了去剧院之外不会去任何其他地方，不符合题意。[A]和[C]两项内容并未在本段提及。本段倒数第二句It is the playgoers, …pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants明确地揭示了正确答案为B. the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers. 看戏的人比观光客花钱要多。

　　28. 识词题By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 4), the author implies that_____.

　　选项A. Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects.

　　Stratford承担不起扩建计划。

　　B. Stratford has long been in financial difficulties.

　　Stratford长期以来一直陷入财务困难。

　　C. the town is not really short of money.

　　该镇并不是真的资金短缺。

　　D. the townsfolk used to be poorly paid.

　　该镇居民过去收入很低。

　　该题将识别的短语“Stratford cries poor traditionally”在文章中定位到第四段The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive. 作为识词题，按照“方位论原则”：在识别词汇后面找表示“解释说明，逻辑关系”的表达，或者向前面找平行结构。在词汇后面出现“Nevertheless”，表达的是转折关系，因此相关信息句为Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.但是该镇的每一家宾馆似乎都在加添一个侧厅或鸡尾酒大厅。希尔顿正在那儿建自己的饭店，可想而知那里会有一个哈姆雷特汉堡酒吧，班柯宴会厅等等，价格将十分昂贵。从中不难看出，Stratford并非真的陷入财政困难。选项A. Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects. Stratford承担不起扩建计划，与相关信息句动作“加添一个侧厅或鸡尾酒大厅。希尔顿正在那儿建自己的饭店，会有一个哈姆雷特汉堡酒吧，班柯宴会厅等等，价格将十分昂贵”完全相悖;选项B. Stratford has long been in financial difficulties. Stratford长期以来一直陷入财务困难，与相关信息句动作“加添一个侧厅或鸡尾酒大厅。希尔顿正在那儿建自己的饭店，会有一个哈姆雷特汉堡酒吧，班柯宴会厅等等，价格将十分昂贵”完全相悖;选项C. the town is not really short of money.该镇并不是真的资金短缺，与相关信息句动作“加添一个侧厅或鸡尾酒大厅。希尔顿正在那儿建自己的饭店，会有一个哈姆雷特汉堡酒吧，班柯宴会厅等等，价格将十分昂贵”直接关联，体现“同意替换”的关系;选项D. the townsfolk used to be poorly paid.该镇居民过去收入很低，与相关信息句动作“加添一个侧厅或鸡尾酒大厅。希尔顿正在那儿建自己的饭店，会有一个哈姆雷特汉堡酒吧，班柯宴会厅等等，价格将十分昂贵”没有任何关联。因此，正确答案为C。

　　29.细节题According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because_____.

　　选项A. ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending.

　　可以提高票价来弥补支出。

　　B. the company is financially ill-managed.

　　公司财政管理混乱。

　　C. the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable.

　　演员的行为不被社会所接受。

　　D. the theatre attendance is on the rise.

　　看戏的人数量在增加。

　　该题利用定位词“RSC”和“subsidy”定位到文章第五段Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the RSC needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) “无论怎样，该镇居民不能理解皇家莎士比亚公司为什么需要拨款。(该剧院已经连续三年打破上座记录。去年，该剧院1431个座位的全年上座率为94%，今年将更高。)” 选项A. ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending. 可以提高票价来弥补支出，与相关信息句动作“不能理解皇家莎士比亚公司为什么需要拨款(该剧院已经连续三年打破上座记录)”没有任何关联;选项B. the company is financially ill-managed. 公司财政管理混乱，与相关信息句动作“不能理解皇家莎士比亚公司为什么需要拨款(该剧院已经连续三年打破上座记录)”没有任何关联;选项C. the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable.演员的行为不被社会所接受，与相关信息句动作“不能理解皇家莎士比亚公司为什么需要拨款(该剧院已经连续三年打破上座记录)”没有任何关联;选项D. the theatre attendance is on the rise. 看戏的人数量在增加，与相关信息句动作“不能理解皇家莎士比亚公司为什么需要拨款(该剧院已经连续三年打破上座记录)”直接关联，体现“同意替换”的关系。 因此，正确答案为D. the theatre attendance is on the rise. 看戏的人数量在增加。

　　30.推断题From the text we can conclude that the author_____.

　　选项A. is supportive of both sides. 支持双方。

　　B. favors the townsfolk’s view. 支持居民的观点。

　　C. takes a detached attitude. 漠不关心。

　　D. is sympathetic to the RSC. 对RSC感到同情。

　　该题目作为推断题，要明确找到指定的第六段的主题句。根据“主题句---细节句原则”，第六段 It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)-lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m. 段落中间没有转折词，因此段落的主题句为段首句It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. “将票价大幅度提高很可惜，因为这会将那些对Stratford最值得拥有的年轻客户赶跑。”shame一词体现了作者的感情色彩。因此，正确答案为D. is sympathetic to the RSC. 对RSC感到同情。

　　全文翻译正如我们所知的那样，埃文河畔的斯特拉特福只有一个产业，那就是威廉•莎士比亚，但是那儿有两个完全独立的、敌意渐浓的分支机构。一个是皇家莎士比亚公司，它在该镇莎士比亚纪念剧院上演莎翁最好的戏剧作品。另一个是该镇居民，他们在很大程度上靠从来这儿的游客那儿赚钱为生，这些游客来这儿不是为了看戏剧，而是为了看ANNE Hathaway的小屋，莎翁的出生地和其他景点。

　　斯特拉特福镇可敬的居民怀疑剧院是否给他们带来任何税收。他们坦然承认自己不喜欢RSC公司的演员，那些人留着长发，蓄着胡须，穿着便鞋，吵吵闹闹。想一想他们赖以为生的莎士比亚本人也是位演员(留着胡须)，也制造噪音，就具有绝妙的讽刺意味。

　　游客并未完全分流。乘公交车而来的观光者通常会参观离这儿不远的沃里克城堡(Warwick Castle)和布伦海姆宫(Blenheim Palace)。他们通常不会去看戏，一些人在斯特拉特福看到剧院甚至会感到惊异。但是，常看戏的人在看戏同时的确会观光一些地方。皇家莎士比亚公司辩称，正是那些看戏的人为城镇带来大部分税收，这是因为他们在该镇过夜(有些人会呆四五个晚上)，在宾馆和餐厅消费。观光客在夜幕降临之前就能看完所有景点，离开城镇。

　　但该镇居民却不认可这种观点，地方议政厅并不直接给皇家莎士比亚公司拨款。斯特拉特福一直在哭穷，但是该镇的每家宾馆似乎都在加添一个侧厅或鸡尾酒大厅。希尔顿正在那儿建自己的饭店，可想而知那里会有一个哈姆雷特汉堡酒吧、里尔休息厅、班柯宴会厅等等，价格将十分昂贵。

　　不管怎样，该镇居民不能理解皇家莎士比亚公司为什么需要拨款。(该剧院已经连续三年打破了上座率记录。去年该剧院1431个座位的全年上座率达到94%，今年将更高。)当然，原因是成本增加，而票价却很低。

　　将票价大幅提高很可惜，因为这会将那些对斯特拉特福最值得拥有的年轻客户赶跑。他们来这儿纯粹是为了看戏，而不是观光。他们看起来很相似(尽管他们来自世界各地)，脸都瘦瘦的，尖尖的，一脸热诚，穿着仔裤和便鞋，吃圆面包，晚上睡在剧院外面的石板上，在上午10点半售票口开放时买20张座位票和80张专对这些人出售的站席票。