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近5年医学博士统考英语完型填空考查了哪些语法知识点？
第一部分：真题分析2014年 话题：手机有助于预防老年痴呆症
Some of the mice were "genetically altered to develop beta-amyloid plaques in their brains" __55 they aged. These are a marker of Alzheimer's.
55. A. until B. when C. as D. unless
55.C 【解析】考查状语从句。根据选项可知此空是考状语从句，即前后两句话的关系。根据后面的提示Alzheimer “痴呆症”可知前面一句话是说：as they aged随着年龄的增长，其中一些老鼠“被基因改变，在他们的大脑中产生-淀粉样斑块”。
However, the fact that the radiation prevented Alzheimer's means mobile phones _60__ our brains and bodies in ways not yet explored. And it's sure there are negatives as well as this one positive.
60. A. do affect B. did affect C. is affecting D. could have affected
60.A 【解析】动词考察—谓语动词的强调、时态和情态动词表推测的用法。that the radiation prevented Alzheimer's是同位语从句，解释说明the fact，可以先去掉；The fact means (that)宾语从句。可知60一空是要填谓语动词，且用一般现在时态，表达一种事实。并且可通过and it’s sure there are…可知：手机确实对大脑和身体有影响，因此A选项正确， do affect是一般现在时态并对谓语动词的强调；did affect也是强调，过去确实有影响；is affecting是现在进行时态，语境不符；could have affected是对过去发生的事情的推测，即对过去可能有影响。
2015年 话题：身患癌症的母亲可能将自己的疾病传给她未出生小孩。
A mother who is suffering from cancer can pass on the disease to her unborn child in extremely rare cases, __51__ a new case report published in PNAS this week.
51. A. suggests B. suggesting C. having suggested D. suggested
51.A 【解析】考查动词—判断谓语还是非谓语动词。此空很容易根据前一句话判断51应该用非谓语动词，用doing作结果状语；但是横线后面并没有提出表明的具体内容。因此此处是一个倒装结构，类似于She is rich, says Lisa.所以这句话正常的语序是a new case report (published in PNAS this week) suggests (that) a mother who is suffering from cancer can pass on the disease to her unborn child in extremely rare cases.
a Japanese mother had been diagnosed with leukemia a few weeks after giving birth, __52__ tumors were discovered in her daughter's cheek and lung when she was 11 months old.
52. A. since B. although C. whereas D. when
52.C 【解析】考查状语从句---句子间的逻辑关系。52空前是说：一位日本母亲在分娩几周后被诊断出患有白血病；52空后面是说：在她女儿11个月大的时候，在她的脸颊和肺部发现了肿瘤。可知前后存在对比和轻微转折的关系，因此C选项whereas然而符合逻辑。whereas的用法在此等于while“(对比两件事情)….而”。
Genetic analysis showed that the baby's cancer cells had the same mutation as the cancer cells of the mother. But the cancer cells contained no DNA whatsoever from the father, __53__ would be expected if she had inherited the cancer from conception.
53. A. what B. whom C. who D. as
53.D 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。but前一句的大意是：基因分析显示，婴儿的癌细胞与母亲的癌细胞有相同的突变。53空所在的句子缺主语，因此此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中作主语，指代的是前面the cancer cells contained no DNA whatsoever from the father,这一句话，译为：正如，就像。
But this is not the case -- microchimerism, __55__ cells are exchanged between a mother and her unborn child,
55. A. where B. when C. if D. whatever
55.A 【解析】考查定语从句---关系副词。中间的破折号可以先去掉。可知此有两个动词，需要填连接词，根据分析应是非限制性定语从句的引导词，可将case代入从句，则是cells are exchanged between a mother and her unborn child in the case,先行词在从句中作地点状语，则填where或者in which。
2016年 话题：人类意识
All that _56_, until the last decade, scientists believed that the human brain and its connections were formed during gestation and infancy and remained _57_ unchanged through childhood.
56. A. has been said B. being said C. was said D. is said
56.B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。scientists believed that+宾语从句。可知后面是个完整的句子，前面没有连词，56空填非谓语动词，选项中只有being said是非谓语动词。
They believed that humans had a given number of neurons in a specific brain structure, and _58_ the number might vary among people, once you were done with childhood development, you were set in this mode.
58. A. while B. despite C. nevertheless D. since
58.A 【解析】考查状语从句---句子间逻辑关系。由空格后“the number might vary among people（神经元）的数量在人与人之间可能不相同”与“once you were done with childhood development一旦你结束了童年时期的发展”的对应知这里存在一种让步关系，故A项“虽然”正确。despite“尽管，不管（其后一般跟短语，而不跟完整的句子）”；nevertheless“然而，不过”；since“因为；既然；自……以来”。
2017年话题：H5N1流感病毒
Parsing this animal-human interface could provide clues to 52 the next potential superflu, which already has a name：H5N1, also known as avian flu or bird flu.
52. A. be stopped B. stopping C. being stopped D. having stopped
52.C【解析】考查动名词。a clue to doing sth.“做……线索”，其中to是介词，后面需要加doing。再结合语义应该选被动语态。
But given its lethality, and the chance it could turn into something far more transmissible, one might expect H5N1 research to be exploding, with labs__59__ the virus’s molecular components to understand how it spreads between animals and potentially to humans, and hoping to discover a vaccine that could head off a pandemic.
59. A. parses B. parsed C. parsing D. to parse
59.C【解析】考查with+名词+现在分词/过去分词/ 不定式……的伴随状语。随着实验室剖析……lab和parse“解析，理解”是主动关系，因此选doing现在分词形式。
2018年话题：CT扫描检测肺癌的优缺点。
Researchers at University of Chicago Pritizker School of Medicine presented preliminary data on a CAD program they’ve designed that helps radiologist spot lung cancer__53___ CT scanning.
53.A. being used B. to use C. using D. use
53.C【解析】考察非谓语动词。that helps radiologist spot lung cancer__53___ CT scanning定语从句中helps是谓语动词，help sb. do sth. 因此53应是表方式状语，使用CT扫描，帮助放射科医生发现肺癌。因此用using，和逻辑主语radiologist构成主动关系。
“The computer is not perfect”, Amato said, “it will miss some cancers and call some things cancer that___59_____.”
59.A. don’t B. won’t C. aren’t D. wasn’t
59.C【解析】考察主谓一致，基本句型。句意是：电脑会遗漏一些癌症并且电脑称一些……东西为癌症。可知后面是it 主语call谓语 some things宾语 (that______ )定语从句cancer宾语补足语。可知that引导的定语从句修饰some things，应该用复数形式，且描述的是事实，因此用一般现在时态aren’t。
第二部分：备考对策
由以上分析可知：
一、医学统考每年都会有针对语法知识点的考察，但不是孤立的，需要我们在理解文章大意的基础上，并句子结构分析方法，分析句子间的逻辑关系来做出正确的判断。
二、考查的热点是句法知识：定语从句（涉及到引导词的选择，主谓一致的判断，非限制性定语从句）、状语从句（句子间逻辑关系判断）、谓语动词（时态语态）、非谓语动词（需要分析句子结构，寻找逻辑主语）。其中对于动词的考察，即判断填谓语动词还是非谓语动词是考察重点。
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